| Prompt type
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Number
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Question
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Answers
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Timestamped validation
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| Analysis
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1
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What is the Review on the Economics of Biodiversity aimed at achieving?
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The Review seeks to construct a common grammar and vocabulary for economics of biodiversity, that can be adopted everywhere, to coordinate tasks among agencies in order to address the overshoot in global demands on the biosphere, and to consider estimates of ecological consequences when advocating policies. [1]
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| Analysis
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2
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Which services are provided by individual actors in natural ecosystems?
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Examples of services provided by individual actors in ecosystems include pollination, decomposition, filtering, transportation, redistribution, scavenging and gas fixation.[2]
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| Analysis
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3
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How does biodiversity positively contribute to ecosystem productivity?
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Biodiversity contributes positively to ecosystem productivity by providing various regulating and maintenance services such as preserving and regenerating soil, fixing nitrogen and carbon, recycling nutrients, controlling floods, mitigating droughts, filtering pollutants, assimilating waste, pollinating crops and operating the hydrological cycle. [3]
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| Analysis
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4
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What can happen if one process that gives rise to biodiviersity is degraded severely?
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If one process that gives rise to biodiviersity is degraded severely, it can be expected to threaten other processes as well. [4]
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| Analysis
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6
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What types of services does regulating and maintenance of the ecosystem provide?
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Regulating and maintenance of the ecosystem provide the basis on which we draw upon Nature’s ‘provisioning of goods’, such as food, timber, medicines, dyes, fibres, and fresh water, and enjoy ‘cultural services’ such as landscapes of tranquillity, beauty or even sacredness. [5]
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| Analysis
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5
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What practices can lead to the erosion of Nature's maintenance services?
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Practices that focus solely on investing in excludable forms of natural capital can lead to the erosion of Nature’s regulating and maintenance services. [6]
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| Analysis
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7
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Why is private investment in maintenance and regulation often lower than other in forms of natural capital?
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Private companies are in large measure unable to capture the returns from investment in maintaining and regulating nature's services due to their non-excludability - companies cannot confine the benefits to those who pay. [7]
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| Analysis
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8
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Why is non-excludability important when discussing cultural services?
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Non-excludability is important when discussing cultural services because it has led to the introduction of non-market institutions (such as state parks and Nature reserves) to protect them. [8]
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| Analysis
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9
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Why does the economics of biodiversity place focus on externalities?
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The economics of biodiversity places focus on externalities because they are the unaccounted consequences for others resulting from our actions. [9]
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| Analysis
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10
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What does the Review on the Economics of Biodiversity argue against in terms of policy decisions related to global climate change?
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The review argues against the use of a sharp formulae for policy such as a social price for biomass, and it does not prescribe ‘biomass offsetting markets’. [10]
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| Analysis
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11
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Why are there differences between units of biomass in different ecosystems?
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Differences arise because the processes governing ecosystems are entangled with one another, creating what may be called ‘natural externalities’. [11]
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| Qualitative
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12
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What might happen if biomass offsetting markets were introduced?
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If biomass offsetting markets were introduced, brokers could profitably purchase units of biomass from ecologically productive places and offset them in ecologically unproductive places, making a profit. Further institutional mechanisms would then be needed to regulate such transactions. [12]
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